Cataracts

Cataracts are a common cause of vision changes, especially as we age. At Small Wonder Eyecare, we believe that clear, comfortable vision is part of living a healthy and independent life. In this blog post, we’ll explain what cataracts are, what causes them, how they affect your vision, and how they can be treated.

What is a cataract?

A cataract is a clouding of the natural lens inside the eye. The lens is located behind the colored part of your eye (the iris) and helps to focus light onto the retina (back of the eye) so you can see clearly. When a cataract forms, the lens becomes cloudy, which causes vision to become blurry, dim, or hazy. It might seem like you are looking through a foggy window at times.

What causes cataracts?

Cataracts can develop for several reasons, but the most common cause is aging. As we get older, the proteins in the lens begin to break down and clump together, forming cloudy spots. Other causes and risk factors include:

* Long-term UV exposure

* Smoking 

* Diabetes

* Eye injuries

* Certain medications (for example, steroids)

Can I prevent cataracts from forming?

While cataracts are often a natural part of aging, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk:

Wear UV-protective sunglasses to shield your eyes from sunlight.

Eat a healthy diet  rich in leafy greens and colorful fruits.

Avoid smoking and limit alcohol use.

Manage chronic conditions such as diabetes.

How do cataracts affect vision? 

When cataracts develop, they cause a variety of visual symptoms:
 

* Blurry or cloudy vision

* Glare or halos around lights (especially at night)

* Colors may appear faded or yellowed

* Difficulty seeing in low light

* Frequent changes in glasses or contact lens prescriptions

These symptoms usually develop slowly over time. Many people don’t recognize that their vision is changing until the cataracts are fairly advanced.

What is the treatment for cataracts? 

Cataracts are removed with surgery. Cataract surgery is the most common elective procedure in the United States. Every year about 4 million Americans undergo this surgery. During the procedure, the  cloudy lens is removed and replaced with a clear artificial lens, called an intraocular lens (IOL). The surgery typically takes about 15–30 minutes per eye and is performed one eye at a time.

Recovery is usually quick, with most patients noticing improved vision within a few days. After the surgery, you will need to use eye drops for several days to prevent infection and inflammation. You will also need to avoid strenuous activities for several weeks. However, most people can return to their daily activities very quickly.  

What should I do if I think I have cataracts? 

A comprehensive eye exam here at Small Wonder Eyecare will determine if you have cataracts or if your existing cataracts have progressed. Dr. Bontrager takes the time to carefully examine your eyes, explain your condition, and answer all of your questions—without being rushed. 

If your cataracts are affecting your vision, we will refer you to a cataract surgeon who will perform detailed measurements prior to surgery. 

Schedule your comprehensive eye exam today. Let us help you see clearly again.